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| 难以制度化的公意与道德理想国的覆灭——论卢梭政治哲学中的“公意”概念 |
| The Impossibility of the Constitution of General Will and the Destruction of Morally Ideal State——A Probe into the Concept of "General Will" in Rousseau's Political Philosophy |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-5092.2008.01.003 |
| 中文关键词: 公意 合法性 合法性危机 |
| 英文关键词: general will legitimacy legitimacy crisis |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 从概述公意是现代国家得以成立的合法性基石出发,阐明现代国家的构成:政体、宪政和社会等方面的特征,并由公意的阙失指明现代国家的合法性危机;进而解释为化解合法性危机,卢梭型塑了一个与现代国家完全背离的公意理想国:以直接民主制对抗代议制民主;以在现代条件下重塑的积极自由反抗消极自由,从总体上拒斥了现代宪政主义的大部分元素;以公意克服众意来追求道德同一,否认现代社会的差异性和多样性.卢梭无法在程序和架构上解决公意的制度化问题,由此导致了公意理想国只能是一个虚幻的共同体. |
| 英文摘要: |
| With illustrating general will is the legitimacy basis of modern state,this paper explained how modern state was constituted from the following viewpoints: regime,constitution and society.I have pointed out that the absence of general will resulted in the legitimacy crisis of modern state.Rousseau established an ideal state of the general will which is totally different from modern state so as to solve the legitimacy crisis.The main characteristics of the ideal state are direct democracy,rather than representative democracy;reestablishment of positive freedom,rather than negative freedom;and requirement of general will,rather than will of all.He cannot resovle the constitution of general will in terms of procedure and framework and the ideal state of general will is doomed to be a visional community. |
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